|
Upto 1971, the Indian electronics industry had grown up around
three major centres, Bangalore, Mumbai/ Pune, and Delhi. Bangalore
was the site of major public sector corporations in defence and
telecommunications. Mumbai and Pune were the traditional locations
of private sector, largely foreign-owned firms, established in the
late forties to early fifties. The Delhi region became important
in the sixties with the emergence of a dynamic Small Scale Industry
sector making radios, components for r adios, and later black and
white TVs.
In the seventies, to encourage geographic distribution of the electronics
industry, new public sector plants at various new locations were
setup. The states were encouraged to establish electronics development
corporations to help in promotion and development of electronics
in respective states. To stimulate and increase the growth rate
of the electronics industry, many of the states are now providing
special incentives like sales tax concessions, creation of separate
industrial areas for electronics, subsidy for setting up units in
backward areas, financial participation either as joint sector or
assisted sector, etc. This action, combined with the dispersion
of additional public sector unit, has encouraged the emergence of
several secondary electronics centres.
Till 1987, Maharashtra occupied the top position, followed by Karnataka
and Delhi (except in 1985 where Karnataka was at the top). Due to
rapid growth of electronic industry in Uttar Pradesh, it occupied
top position in 1988, 1989 and 1991, but from 1992 to 1995 Karnataka
again emerged as the leader. From 1998, Uttar Pradesh occupied the
top position. Delhi occupies a significant place due to large concentration
of small scale units making consumer electronic products and computers.
Distribution Pattern:
59% of the production is accounted for by Maharashtra, Karnataka
and Uttar Pradesh alone. However, Karnataka and Maharashtra had
over 75 percent share in 1971. Bulk of the components produced are
contributed by Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Punjab,
while consumer electronics production is by Maharashtra and Delhi.
TOP 5 states in electronics production:
| Rank |
1990 |
1999 |
| 1 |
Karnataka |
Uttar Pradesh |
| 2 |
Uttar Pradesh |
Maharashtra |
| 3 |
Maharashtra |
Karnataka |
| 4 |
Delhi |
Delhi |
| 5 |
Andhra Pradesh |
Tamil Nadu |
|
Regional Distribution:
North accounts for about 37 percent of production, mostly in
Delhi and vicinity. The East is underdeveloped relative to its population.
The West accounts for 25 percent of electronics production mostly
in Maharashtra ( Mumbai and Pune). In the South primarily Bangalore,
which is the site of major public sector units as well as a very fast
growing, organised private sector in computer and industrial product
public sector, accounts for about 32 percent of production.
Per capita Production:
Per capita production in Delhi is highest, Rs 1,605 per person in
1999, though it ranks 4th in the total electronic production . It
is followed by per capita production of Rs 928 in Karnataka, Rs 818
in Goa, Rs 672 in Haryana, Rs 609 in Maharashtra, Rs 363 in Uttar
Pradesh and Rs 360 in Kerala.
| Source: Electronics
Today |
|
|
  |
|
|
|
